豌豆黄也称为豌豆黄儿,是北京传统小吃,也是北京春季的一种应时佳品。清宫的豌豆黄,用上等白豌豆为原料做成,因慈禧喜食而知名;民间的糙豌豆黄儿是典型的春令食品,常见于春季庙会上。通常将豌豆磨碎、去皮、洗净、煮烂、糖炒、凝结、切块而成。废品后,外观浅黄色,滋味香甜,清凉快口。 豌豆黄儿原为汉族民间小吃,普通加有小枣制成,俗称糙豌豆黄儿,在庙会等场所,置于罩有湿蓝布的独轮车上去卖。后传入宫廷,由清宫御膳房改良,俗称细豌豆黄儿,与芸豆糕、小窝头号同称宫廷小吃。 制造豌豆黄要准备去皮枯燥黄豌豆230g、小苏打2g、白砂糖65g、清水适量。先把豌豆洗净、沥干,参加小苏打拌匀,用水浸泡,静置5-6小时,程度面以没过豌豆3厘米为宜。泡5-6小时后,倒掉苏打水,用清水漂洗4-5次,沥干后放入锅中,加水煮开,水量以没过豌豆4-5厘米为宜。煮沸过程中会浮起白色的泡沫,要撇掉。水开后然后调成中火,继续煮至大局部豌豆开花酥烂。 搅拌曾经酥软的豌豆汤,尽量使豌豆破碎。用过滤网把豌豆糊过滤一遍,使豌豆变成细腻、浓稠的糊状。在豌豆糊中参加砂糖拌匀后,放回火上继续加热,用文火熬到浓稠,豌豆糊成半固体而不是液体状即可离火。倒入模具中,将外表刮平,放置于室温中待温度略微降低、不烫手,即可放入冰箱冷藏。冷藏超越4小时,能够取出脱模,切块后即可食用。 准备白豌豆、碱、白糖。用上好的白豌豆,稍磨去皮,用凉水泡3遍。用铜锅烧水将去皮的豌豆放入锅内,加碱,将豌豆煮成粥状,然后带原汤过箩,将过箩的豌豆粥放入锅内加白糖,炒30分钟。炒的过程中,须随时用木板捞起做实验,如豆泥往下淌得很慢,淌下去的豆泥不是随即与锅中的豆泥相交融,而是逐步构成一个堆,再逐步与锅内豆泥交融,即可起锅。起锅后的豆泥倒入白铁模具内,盖上润滑的薄纸,避免裂纹,还可保洁,晾凉后即成豌豆黄。 需求去皮干豌豆瓣500克,白糖350克。豌豆瓣泡软,在不锈钢盘内放入水及碱面,把豆煮烂,然后过箩。炒豆时一定要严厉控制火候,若炒得太嫩水分过多,则凝固时不易切块,炒得过老则凝固后又会呈现裂纹,影响美观。在炒的过程中,必需用木板捞起实验,如豆泥往下淌得很慢,堆成一个堆即可。倒入盘中,晾凉,切成小块即成。 准备干豌豆、白糖、糖桂花或蜂蜜、琼脂。把去皮干豌豆洗净用清水浸泡4小时以上。将泡发的豌豆放入锅中,加豌豆体积3倍的水,煮至豌豆软烂,晾凉。再将煮软的豌豆和适量清水放入料理机中磨细,倒出豌豆茸过筛,这样能够愈加细腻。琼脂泡软,放入小锅中加少许水,煮至消融。 将过滤好的豌豆茸放入锅中,加白糖和溶化的琼脂翻炒,去处多余的水分。将豌豆茸倒入平底的容器内,加盖湿布晾凉,再用保鲜膜包好,放入冰箱内冷藏,吃的时分切块装盘,能够淋上糖桂花或蜂蜜。废品色泽浅黄、细腻、纯洁,入口即化,滋味香甜,清凉快口。 豌豆中所含的止杈酸、赤霉素和植物凝素等物质,具有抗菌消炎的成效;还含有丰厚的赖氨酸,能够刺激胃蛋白酶与胃酸的分泌,进步胃液分泌成效,起到促进食欲的作用。中医以为,利小便、止渴,和中下气,解疮毒,消炎,去除暑热,有降血压、除脂肪、减肥之成效。 白糖是一种纯热能物质,它含有高热量,但缺乏维生素、矿物质和蛋白质等营养物质。除了招致发胖外,还会刺激大脑释放多巴胺让人上瘾。另外,经常吃甜食,皮肤容易产生青春痘、脂溢性皮炎等问题。 听说,一天慈禧正坐在北海静心斋歇凉,忽听大街上传来敲打铜锣声和呼喊声,心里疑惑,忙问是干什么的,当值太监回禀是卖豌豆黄、芸豆卷的。慈禧一时快乐,传令将此人叫进园来。来人见了老佛爷赶忙跪下,并双手捧着芸豆卷、豌豆黄,敬请老佛爷赏光。慈禧尝罢,赞不绝口,并把此人留在宫中,特地为她做豌豆黄和芸豆卷。 山药糕属于中国美味糕点类食品,是一种传统糕类药膳、滋味香甜。有健脾益肾的成效。把山药洗净,上屉蒸烂,晾凉。把面粉蒸熟。把白糖分红两份,一份加红色素拌成粉红色糖粉,另一份加绿色素拌成绿色糖粉。在拌糖粉时少许香精。 将蒸好的山药剥去外皮,搓成泥状,加50克熟面粉,揉成面团,再分红两块。取一小块山药面团,擀成13厘米见方的块,再把澄沙馅擀成同样大小的块,放在山药面块上。把京糕切成3毫米厚的片,铺在澄沙馅上面。把另一块山药面团,擀成同样大小的块,放在京糕片上铺平。然后改刀切成同样大小的两块。将其中的一块撒上粉红色的糖粉,另一块撒上浅绿色的糖粉。把红、绿山药糕拼好,切成4条,再把每条各切成5块,即可上屉。 花色美观,幽香味甜,富含糖类及蛋白质。山药肉质细嫩,含有极丰厚的营养保健物质。《神农本草经》谓之“主健中补虚、除寒热邪气、补中益气力、长肌肉、久服耳目聪明”;((日华子本草》说其“助五脏、活筋骨、长志安神、主治**健忘”;《本草纲目》以为山药能“益肾气、健脾胃、止泻痢、化瘫涎、润毛皮”。近些年来的研讨标明,山药具有诱导产生干扰素,加强人体免疫功用的作用。 其所含胆碱和卵磷脂有助于进步人的记忆力,常食之可健身强体、延缓衰老,是人们所喜欢的保健佳品。以山药为主、辅以魔芋做成的仿生食品,具有营养丰厚、滋补健身、养颜美容之成效,是不可多得的安康营养美食。
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